Kuthamanga mwadzina (PN), Class American standard pound level ( Lb ), ndi njira yowonetsera kupanikizika, kusiyana kwake ndikuti kupanikizika komwe amaimira kumafanana ndi kutentha kwapadera, dongosolo la PN European limatanthawuza kupanikizika pa 120 ° C The kukakamiza kofananira, pomwe CLAss American Standard imatanthawuza kukakamiza kofananira pa 425.5 ° C. Chifukwa chake, mukusinthana kwaumisiri, sikutheka kungochita kutembenuka mtima.Mwachitsanzo, CLAss300 iyenera kukhala 2.1MPa ndi kutembenuka kosavuta.Komabe, ngati kutentha kwa ntchito kumaganiziridwa, kupanikizika kofananako kudzawonjezeka.Malingana ndi kuyesa kwa kutentha ndi kupanikizika kwa zinthu Kuyeza kwake ndi kofanana ndi 5.0MPa.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya machitidwe a valve: imodzi ndi "yothamanga mwadzina" yomwe imayimiridwa ndi Germany (kuphatikizapo China) pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yovomerezeka yogwira ntchito kutentha (madigiri 100 m'dziko langa ndi madigiri a 120 ku Germany).Chimodzi ndi "dongosolo la kutentha ndi kupanikizika" loyimiridwa ndi United States, yomwe imayimiridwa ndi kukakamizidwa kovomerezeka kwa ntchito pa kutentha kwina.Mu kutentha ndi kupanikizika dongosolo la United States, kupatula 150Lb, amene zachokera madigiri 260, misinkhu zina zochokera 454 madigiri..Kupanikizika kovomerezeka kwa kalasi ya 150-psi (150psi = 1MPa) No. 25 carbon steel valve ndi 1MPa pa madigiri 260, ndipo kupanikizika kovomerezeka pa kutentha kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa 1MPa, pafupifupi 2.0MPa.Choncho, kawirikawiri, kuthamanga mwadzina kofanana ndi American Standard 150Lb ndi 2.0MPa, ndipo kuthamanga kwadzina kofanana ndi 300Lb ndi 5.0MPa, ndi zina zotero. kutembenuka mtima chilinganizo .
PN ndi nambala yokhudzana ndi kukakamizidwa komwe kumaimiridwa ndi manambala, ndipo ndi nambala yozungulira yoyenera kuti mutchule.PN ndi nambala ya MPa yosamva kuthamanga pafupifupi yofanana ndi kutentha kwanthawi zonse, komwe ndi kukakamiza mwadzina komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndiMa valve achi China.Kwa mavavu owongolera ndicarbon steel valvematupi, amatanthauza kukakamiza kovomerezeka kovomerezeka mukagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa 200 ° C;kwa matupi azitsulo zotayidwa, amatanthauza kukakamiza kovomerezeka kovomerezeka kogwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa 120 ° C;Kuthamanga kovomerezeka kovomerezeka kwa ntchito kutsika pansi pa 250 ° C.Pamene kutentha kwa ntchito kumakwera, kupanikizika kwa thupi la valve kudzachepa.Valavu ya American standard imasonyeza kuthamanga kwadzina mu mapaundi , zomwe ndi zotsatira zowerengera za kutentha kwa kuphatikiza ndi kupanikizika kwachitsulo china , chomwe chimawerengedwa molingana ndi ANSI B16.34.Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe kalasi ya mapaundi ndi kukakamiza mwadzina si makalata amodzi ndi amodzi ndikuti kutentha m'munsi mwa kalasi ya mapaundi ndi kuthamanga kwadzina kumasiyana.Nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu powerengera, koma timafunikanso kudziwa momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito matebulo kuti tiwone masikelo.Japan makamaka imagwiritsa ntchito mtengo wa K kuwonetsa mulingo wapakatikati.Pakukakamiza kwa gasi, ku China, nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito "kg" kufotokoza (m'malo mwa "jin"), ndipo gawolo ndi kg.Mphamvu yofananira ndi "kg / cm2", ndipo kilogalamu imodzi yamphamvu imatanthawuza kuti kilogalamu imodzi ya mphamvu imagwira ntchito pa centimita imodzi.Mofananamo, molingana ndi mayiko akunja, chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa gasi, mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndi "psi", ndipo unit ndi "1 pounds / inch2" , yomwe ndi "mapaundi pa inchi imodzi".Dzina lonse la Chingerezi ndi Mapaundi pa inchi imodzi.Koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kutchula mwachindunji unit yake ya misa, ndiko kuti, pound (Lb.), yomwe kwenikweni ndi Lb.Ndiwo mphamvu ya mapaundi yomwe tatchula kale.Itha kuwerengedwa posintha mayunitsi onse kukhala mayunitsi a metric: 1 psi = 1 pound/inch2 ≈0.068bar, 1 bar≈14.5psi≈0.1MPa, mayiko monga Europe ndi United States amagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito psi ngati unit.Mu Class600 ndi Class1500, pali zinthu ziwiri zosiyana zogwirizana ndi European standard ndi American standard.11MPa (yogwirizana ndi kalasi ya 600-pounds) ndi European system regulation, yomwe imatchulidwa mu "ISO 7005-1-1992 Steel Flanges";10MPa (yogwirizana ndi Class Class 600-pounds) ndi malamulo aku America, omwe ndi lamulo mu ASME B16.5.Choncho, sitinganene kuti kalasi ya 600-pounds ikufanana ndi 11MPa kapena 10MPa, ndipo malamulo a machitidwe osiyanasiyana ndi osiyana.
Pali makamaka mitundu iwiri ya machitidwe a valve: imodzi ndi "kupanikizika mwadzina" komwe kumayimiridwa ndi Germany (kuphatikizapo dziko langa) kutengera mphamvu yovomerezeka yogwira ntchito kutentha (madigiri 100 m'dziko langa ndi madigiri 120 ku Germany).Imodzi ndi dongosolo la "kutentha ndi kupanikizika" koyimiridwa ndi United States, yomwe imayimiridwa ndi kukakamizidwa kovomerezeka kogwira ntchito pa kutentha kwina.Mu kutentha ndi kupanikizika dongosolo la United States, kupatula 150Lb, amene zachokera madigiri 260, misinkhu zina zochokera 454 madigiri.benchmark.Mwachitsanzo, kupsinjika kovomerezeka kwa 150Lb.25 carbon steel valve ndi 1MPa pa madigiri 260, ndipo kupanikizika kovomerezeka pa kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa 1MPa, yomwe ili pafupi 2.0MPa.Choncho, kawirikawiri, kuthamanga mwadzina kofanana ndi American Standard 150Lb ndi 2.0MPa, ndipo kuthamanga kwadzina kofanana ndi 300Lb ndi 5.0MPa, ndi zina zotero. kutembenuka mtima chilinganizo .
Popeza kuti maziko a kutentha kwa kukakamiza mwadzina ndi kukakamiza kwake ndi kosiyana, palibe makalata okhwima pakati pa awiriwa.Kulumikizana mwankhanza pakati pa awiriwa kukuwonetsedwa patebulo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-31-2023