1. Kodi Valavu ya Chipata N'chiyani?
Vavu ya chipata ndi valavu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito KUTSEKA ndi KUZIMA kuyenda kwa madzi mu payipi. Imatsegula kapena kutseka valavu pokweza chipata kuti ilole kapena kuletsa kuyenda kwa madzi. Tiyenera kutsindika kuti valavu ya chipata singagwiritsidwe ntchito polamulira kuyenda kwa madzi, koma ndi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha ngati ikufunika kuyenda kwathunthu kapena kutsekedwa kwathunthu.
Muyezo wa Valavu ya Chipata: GB/DIN/API/ASME/GOST.
Muyezo wa GB:
| Kapangidwe | Maso ndi Maso | Flange | Mayeso |
| GB/T12234 | GB/T12221 | JB/T79 | JB/T9092 |
Muyezo wa DIN:
| Kapangidwe | Maso ndi Maso | Flange | Mayeso |
| DIN3352 | DIN3202 F4/F5 | EN1092 | EN1266.1 |
Muyezo wa API:
| Kapangidwe | Maso ndi Maso | Flange | Mayeso |
| API 600 | ASME B16.10 | ASME B16.5 | API 598 |
Muyezo wa GOST:
| Kapangidwe | Maso ndi Maso | Flange | Mayeso |
| GOST 5763-02 | GOST 3706-93. | GOST 33259-2015 | GOST 33257-15 |
2. Kapangidwe ka Vavu ya Chipata
Ma valve a chipata nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zofunika:
1) Thupi la valavu: Gawo lofunika kwambiri la valavu ya chipata. Zipangizozo nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka, WCB, SS, ndi zina zotero.
2) Chipata: gawo lowongolera, lomwe lingakhale mbale yokutidwa ndi rabara kapena mbale yachitsulo yeniyeni.
3) Tsinde la valavu: lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kukweza chipata, lopangidwa ndi F6A (yopangidwa ndi ss 420), Inconel600.
4) Bonnet: chipolopolo chomwe chili pamwamba pa thupi la valavu, chomwe pamodzi ndi thupi la valavu chimapanga chipolopolo chonse cha valavu ya chipata.
5) Mpando wa mavavu: malo otsekera pomwe chipata chimalumikizana ndi thupi la vavu.
3. Kodi Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Ma Vavu a Zipata ndi Chiyani?
Malinga ndi mtundu wa kapangidwe ka tsinde la valavu, lingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: valavu ya chipata cha tsinde losakwera ndi valavu ya chipata cha tsinde lokwera.
1)Valavu yolowera tsinde yosakwera:Pamwamba pa tsinde la valavu ya chipata chobisika sichimatambasuka ndi gudumu lamanja. Chipatacho chimakwera kapena kutsika motsatira tsinde la valavu kuti chitsegule kapena kutseka valavu ya chipata. Chipata cha valavu cha valavu yonse ya chipata chokha ndi chomwe chimasuntha.
2)Valavu yokwezera chipata chokwera (valavu yokwezera chipata cha OS&Y):Pamwamba pa tsinde la chipata cha tsinde lokwera pamakhala pamwamba pa gudumu lamanja. Valavu ya chipata ikatsegulidwa kapena kutsekedwa, tsinde la valavu ndi mbale ya chipata zimakwezedwa kapena kutsitsidwa pamodzi.
4. Kodi Valavu ya Chipata Imagwira Ntchito Bwanji?
Kugwira ntchito kwa valavu ya chipata n'kosavuta ndipo kumaphatikizapo njira zotsatirazi:
1) Mkhalidwe Wotseguka: Pamene valavu ya chipata ili pamalo otseguka, mbale ya chipata imakwezedwa kwathunthu ndipo madzi amatha kuyenda bwino kudzera mu ngalande ya thupi la valavu.
2) Mkhalidwe wotsekedwa: Pamene valavu ikufunika kutsekedwa, chipata chimasunthidwa pansi. Chimakanikizidwa pa mpando wa valavu ndipo chikakhudzana ndi pamwamba pa valavu yotsekera, zomwe zimaletsa madzi kulowa.
5. Kodi Valavu ya Chipata Imagwiritsidwa Ntchito Chiyani?
Ma valve a pachipata ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale ndi m'malo osiyanasiyana, monga:
1) Kuchiza madzi: Ma valve ofewa otsekereza chitseko amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza madzi ndi madzi otayira.
2) Makampani opanga mafuta ndi gasi: Ma valve otchinga zitseko zolimba amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga mafuta ndi gasi.
3) Kukonza mankhwala: Ma valve a chipata chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi oyenera kuwongolera kayendedwe ka mankhwala ndi zakumwa zowononga mu kukonza mankhwala.
4) Machitidwe a HVAC: Ma valve a chipata amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina otenthetsera, mpweya wabwino ndi mpweya woziziritsa (HVAC).
Kotero, kodi ma valve a zipata angagwiritsidwe ntchito popopera?
Monga momwe taonera pamwambapa, yankho ndi AYI! Cholinga choyambirira cha valavu ya chipata ndikutsegula kwathunthu komanso kutsekedwa kwathunthu. Ngati igwiritsidwa ntchito mokakamiza kusintha kayendedwe ka madzi, kuyenda kolakwika, kugwedezeka ndi zochitika zina zidzachitika, ndipo izi zingayambitse kutsekeka kwa mitsempha ndi kuwonongeka mosavuta.
6. Ubwino wa Valavu ya Chipata
1) Kuyenda bwino: Chipata chikatsegulidwa bwino, chimakhala chofanana ndi pamwamba pa chitoliro, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi aziyenda bwino komanso kuti mpweya usamayende bwino.
2)0 Kutaya madzi: Pamene chitseko cha chipata chikakhudzana ndi mpando wa valavu, chisindikizo cholimba chimapangidwa kuti madzi asatuluke kudzera mu valavu. Malo otsekera chipata ndi mpando wa valavu nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zinthu monga chitsulo kapena elastomer yosalala kuti madzi azitseke komanso mpweya usamatuluke.
3) Kutseka mbali zonse ziwiri: Ma valve a pachipata amatha kupereka kutseka mbali zonse ziwiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosinthika m'mapaipi okhala ndi kayendedwe kosinthika.
4) Kukonza kosavuta: Palibe chifukwa chochotseratu valavu ya chipata. Mukungofunika kutsegula chivundikiro cha valavu kuti muwonetse bwino mkati mwa valavu kuti mukonze.
7. Zoyipa za Ma Valves a Chipata
1) Poyerekeza ndi ma valve ena okhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta (monga ma valve a gulugufe), thupi la valve limagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zambiri ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera.
2) M'mimba mwake mwa valavu ya chipata uyenera kukhala wocheperako, nthawi zambiri DN≤1600. Vavu ya gulugufe imatha kufika DN3000.
3) Valavu ya chipata imatenga nthawi yayitali kuti itsegulidwe ndi kutsekedwa. Ngati ikufunika kutsegulidwa mwachangu, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi actuator ya pneumatic.