| Kukula & Kupanikizika & Standard | |
| Kukula | DN50-DN600 |
| Kuyeza kwa Kupanikizika | PN6,PN10, PN16, CL150 |
| Matenda opatsirana pogonana pamaso ndi maso | ASME B16.10 kapena EN 558 |
| Kulumikizana kwa STD | EN 1092-1 kapena ASME B16.5 |
| Zinthu Zofunika | |
| Thupi | Chitsulo Chopangidwa ndi Cast (GG25), Chitsulo Chopangidwa ndi Ductile (GGG40/50), Chitsulo cha Carbon (WCB A216), Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri (SS304/SS316/SS304L/SS316L), Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri cha Duplex (2507/1.4529), Bronze, Aluminiyamu. |
| Disiki | DI+Ni, Chitsulo cha Carbon(WCB A216), Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri(SS304/SS316/SS304L/SS316L), Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri Cha Duplex(2507/1.4529), Bronze, DI/WCB/SS yokutidwa ndi Epoxy Painting/Nayiloni/EPDM/NBR/PTFE/PFA |
| Tsinde/Kutsinde | SS416, SS431, SS304, SS316, Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzira Cha Duplex, Monel |
| Mpando | NBR, EPDM/REPDM, PTFE/RPTFE, Viton, Neoprene, Hypalon, Silicon, PFA |
Mawonekedwe:
Ntchito: Disiki imodzi imatseguka yokha ikapanikizika ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ndipo imatsekedwa kudzera mu mphamvu yokoka kapena kasupe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi ayambe kuyenda mwachangu kuti asabwererenso. Izi zimachepetsa nyundo yamadzi poyerekeza ndi mapangidwe a mbale ziwiri.
Kutseka: Nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi zotsekera zofewa (monga EPDM, NBR, kapena Viton) kuti zitsekedwe mwamphamvu, ngakhale kuti pali njira zokhala ndi zitsulo zomwe zimapezeka kutentha kwambiri kapena zinthu zonyamulira.
KukhazikitsaKapangidwe ka wafer kamalola kuyika kosavuta m'mapaipi opingasa kapena oimirira (oyenda mmwamba), ndi malo ochepa.
Mapulogalamu:
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu: Kuchuluka kwa Kutentha: Kawirikawiri -29°C mpaka 180°C, kutengera zipangizo.
-Mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi.
-Machitidwe a HVAC.
-Kukonza mankhwala.
-Machitidwe oyendetsera zinyalala ndi madzi otayira madzi.
Ubwino:
Yaing'ono komanso Yopepuka: Kapangidwe ka Wafer kamachepetsa malo oyika ndi kulemera poyerekeza ndi ma valve oyesera swing opindika.
Kutsika kwa Kupanikizika Kochepa: Njira yolunjika yodutsa imachepetsa kukana.
Kutseka Mwachangu: Kapangidwe ka diski imodzi kumatsimikizira kuti kayendedwe ka madzi kamayankha mwachangu, kuchepetsa kubwerera kwa madzi ndi nyundo yamadzi.
Kukana Kudzimbidwa: Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimalimbitsa kulimba m'malo owononga monga m'madzi a m'nyanja kapena m'makina a mankhwala.
Zoletsa:
Kuyenda Kochepa: Disiki imodzi ingachepetse kuyenda kwa madzi poyerekeza ndi ma valve oyendera ma plate awiri kapena ma swing akuluakulu.
Kutha Kutha: Pakuthamanga kwambiri kapena kuyenda movutikira, diski imatha kugwedezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti iwonongeke pa hinge kapena pampando.
Choletsa Choyimitsa Choyima: Iyenera kuyikidwa ndi mphamvu yokwera ngati ili yoyima, kuti iwonetsetse kuti disc yatsekedwa bwino.