Valavu ndi chipangizo chowongolera payipi yamadzimadzi. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikulumikiza kapena kudula kayendedwe ka payipi, kusintha njira yoyendera madzi, kusintha kuthamanga ndi kuyenda kwa payipi, ndiikani ma valve osiyanasiyana, akulu ndi ang'onoang'ono, mu dongosolo. Chitsimikizo chofunikira cha ntchito yabwinobwino ya chitoliro ndizida.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma valve oyeretsera madzi:
1. Valavu ya Chipata.
Ndi valavu yotsegulira ndi kutseka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito chipata (gawo lotsegulira ndi kutseka, mu valavu ya chipata, gawo lotsegulira ndi kutseka limatchedwa chipata, ndipo mpando wa valavu umatchedwa mpando wa chipata) kuti ulumikize (kutsegula kwathunthu) ndikudula (kutseka kwathunthu) sing'anga mu payipi. Sizololedwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati throttling, ndipo chipata chiyenera kupewedwa kuti chitsegulidwe pang'ono panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa sing'anga yothamanga kwambiri kudzafulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwa malo otsekera. Chipatacho chimapita mmwamba ndi pansi pa mzere wolunjika pakati pa njira ya mpando wa chipata, ndikudula sing'anga mu payipi ngati chipata, kotero chimatchedwa valavu ya chipata.
Mawonekedwe:
1.Kukana kuyenda pang'ono. Njira yapakati mkati mwa thupi la valavu ndi yowongoka, yapakati imayenda molunjika, ndipo kukana kuyenda ndi kochepa.
2.Sizipulumutsa ndalama zambiri potsegula ndi kutseka. Zimagwirizana ndi valavu yofanana, chifukwa imatsegulidwa kapena kutsekedwa, njira yoyendetsera chipata imakhala yolunjika ku njira yoyendera ya medium.
3.Kutalika kwakukulu komanso nthawi yayitali yotsegulira ndi kutseka. Kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa chipata kumawonjezeka, ndipo kuchepetsa liwiro kumachitika kudzera mu sikuru.
4. Chochitika cha nyundo yamadzi sichophweka kuchitika. Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti nthawi yotseka ndi yayitali.
5. Cholumikiziracho chimatha kuyenda mbali iliyonse ya pampu, ndipo kuyika kwake ndikosavuta. Pampu yamadzi ya gate valve ndi yothandiza kwambiri.
6. Kutalika kwa kapangidwe kake (mtunda pakati pa mbali ziwiri zolumikizira za chipolopolocho) ndi kochepa.
7. Malo otsekera ndi osavuta kuvala. Pamene kutsegula ndi kutseka kwakhudzidwa, malo awiri otsekera a chipata ndi mpando wa valavu zimakandana ndikutsetsereka. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yapakati, zimakhala zosavuta kuyambitsa kusweka ndi kusweka, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito otsekera komanso moyo wonse wa ntchito.
8. Mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo. Chizindikiro cha pamwamba cholumikizirana ndi chovuta kuchikonza, makamaka pamwamba potseka pampando wa pachipata sikophweka kuchikonza.
2. Valavu ya Globe
Vavu ya globe ndi valavu yotsekedwa yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito diski (gawo lotseka la globe valve limatchedwa diski) kuti liyende pakati pa njira ya mpando wa diski (mpando wa valavu) kuti liwongolere kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa payipi. Mavavu a globe nthawi zambiri amakhala oyenera kunyamula madzi ndi mpweya pansi pa kupsinjika ndi kutentha kosiyanasiyana mkati mwa mulingo wokhazikika, koma sali oyenera kunyamula zakumwa zokhala ndi mvula yolimba kapena makristalo. Mu payipi yotsika, valavu yoyimitsa ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kusintha kayendedwe ka sing'anga mu payipi. Chifukwa cha zoletsa za kapangidwe kake, m'mimba mwake wa valavu ya globe ndi pansi pa 250mm. Ngati ili pa payipi yokhala ndi kuthamanga kwapakati komanso kuthamanga kwamphamvu kwa madzi, pamwamba pake potseka padzatha msanga. Chifukwa chake, pamene kuthamanga kwa madzi kuyenera kusinthidwa, valavu yopumira iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mawonekedwe:
1.Kuwonongeka ndi kusweka kwa malo otsekera sikoopsa, kotero ntchitoyo ndi yodalirika kwambiri ndipo nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi yayitali.
2. Malo otsekera ndi ochepa, kapangidwe kake ndi kosavuta, ndipo maola ofunikira opangira malo otsekera ndi zipangizo zamtengo wapatali zomwe zimafunika pa mphete yotsekera ndi ochepa kuposa a valavu ya chipata.
3. Potsegula ndi kutseka, kukwapula kwa diski kumakhala kochepa, kotero kutalika kwa valavu yoyimitsa kumakhala kochepa. Kugwira ntchito kosavuta.
4. Pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi kusuntha diski, sipadzakhala kutseguka ndi kutsekedwa mwadzidzidzi, ndipo chodabwitsa cha "nyundo yamadzi" sichidzachitika mosavuta.
5. Mphamvu yotsegulira ndi kutseka ndi yayikulu, ndipo kutsegula ndi kutseka ndi kovuta. Potseka, kayendetsedwe ka diski kamakhala kosiyana ndi kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu yoyendetsera yapakati, ndipo mphamvu ya sing'anga iyenera kugonjetsedwa, kotero mphamvu yotsegulira ndi kutseka ndi yayikulu, zomwe zimakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito ma valve akuluakulu a globe diameter.
6. Kukana kwakukulu kwa madzi. Pakati pa mitundu yonse ya ma valve odulidwa, kukana kwa madzi kwa valavu yodulidwa ndiye kwakukulu kwambiri. (Njira yapakati ndi yozungulira kwambiri)
7. Kapangidwe kake ndi kovuta kwambiri.
8. Njira yoyendera yapakati ndi imodzi. Ziyenera kuonedwa kuti njira yoyendera ikuyenda kuchokera pansi kupita pamwamba, kotero njira yoyendera iyenera kuyenda mbali imodzi.
Mu nkhani yotsatira, tikambirana za ma valve a gulugufe ndi ma valve owunikira m'ma valve oyeretsera madzi, omwe amatha kulephera kale ndi kukonzedwa.