Mavavu agulugufe a chitsulo ndi ductile chitsulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri powongolera mayendedwe osiyanasiyana m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, koma amasiyana muzinthu zakuthupi, magwiridwe antchito, ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito. Pansipa pali kufananitsa kwatsatanetsatane kukuthandizani kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwake ndikusankha valavu yomwe ikugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu.
1. Mapangidwe Azinthu
1.1 Vavu ya Gulugufe wa Iron:
- Iron cast iron, aloyi yachitsulo yokhala ndi mpweya wambiri (2-4%).
- Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake ang'onoang'ono, mpweya umakhalapo ngati flake graphite. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kuti zinthuzo ziphwanyike m’mbali mwa ma graphite flakes chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisasunthike komanso kuti zisasunthike.
-Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazovuta zotsika komanso zosafunikira.
1.2 Vavu ya Gulugufe wa Iron:
- Wopangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo cha ductile (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti nodular graphite cast iron kapena ductile iron), imakhala ndi ma magnesium ochepa kapena cerium, omwe amagawa graphite mozungulira (nodular). Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale bwino komanso kuti zikhale zolimba.
- Yamphamvu, yosinthika, komanso yosatha kusweka ngati chitsulo chonyezimira.
2. Katundu Wamakina
2.1 Grey Cast Iron:
- Mphamvu: Mphamvu zotsika (nthawi zambiri 20,000–40,000 psi).
- Ductility: Wosakhazikika, sachedwa kutopa kusweka pansi pa kupsinjika kapena kukhudzidwa.
- Kukaniza Kwamphamvu: Kutsika, komwe kumakonda kusweka ndi katundu wadzidzidzi kapena kugwedezeka kwamafuta.
- Kukaniza kwa Corrosion: Pakatikati, kutengera chilengedwe ndi zokutira.
2.2 Ductile Iron:
- Mphamvu: graphite yozungulira imachepetsa kupsinjika maganizo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba kwambiri (nthawi zambiri 60,000-120,000 psi).
- Ductility: Kuchuluka kwa ductile, kulola kupunduka popanda kusweka.
- Kukaniza Kwamphamvu: Zabwino kwambiri, zokhoza kupirira kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka.
- Kukaniza kwa Corrosion: Zofanana ndi chitsulo choponyera, koma zitha kupitilizidwa ndi zokutira kapena zomangira.
3. Kuchita ndi Kukhalitsa
3.1 Mavavu a Gulugufe a Iron:
- Yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zotsika kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, mpaka 150-200 psi, kutengera kapangidwe kake).
- Malo osungunuka kwambiri (mpaka 1150 ° C) komanso matenthedwe abwino kwambiri (oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma vibration damping, monga ma braking systems).
- Kusakanizidwa bwino ndi kupsinjika kwamphamvu, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala osayenerera kugwedezeka kwakukulu kapena malo odzaza ma cyclic.
- Nthawi zambiri zolemera, zomwe zingapangitse ndalama zowonjezera.
3.2 Ma Vavu Agulugufe a Iron:
- Imatha kuthana ndi zovuta zambiri (mwachitsanzo, mpaka 300 psi kapena kupitilira apo, kutengera kapangidwe kake).
- Chifukwa cha kulimba kwake komanso kusinthasintha kwake, chitsulo cha ductile sichingathe kusweka popindika kapena kugunda, m'malo mwake chimapindika mwapulasitiki, mogwirizana ndi mfundo ya "kulimba" kwa sayansi yamakono. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera pazofunsira zofunidwa.
- Zolimba kwambiri m'malo okhala ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kapena kupsinjika kwamakina.
4. Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito
4.1 Mavavu a Gulugufe a Iron:
- Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina a HVAC.
- Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'machitidwe osafunikira pomwe mtengo ndi wofunikira. - Oyenera kumadzimadzi otsika kwambiri monga madzi, mpweya, kapena mpweya wosawononga (chloride ion <200 ppm).
4.2 Ma Vavu Agulugufe a Iron:
- Yoyenera kuthira madzi ndi kuthira madzi oyipa osalowerera kapena ofooka acidic / alkaline media (pH 4-10).
- Yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale, kuphatikiza mafuta ndi gasi, kukonza kwamankhwala, ndi makina othamanga kwambiri amadzi.
- Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina omwe amafunikira kudalirika kwambiri, monga makina oteteza moto kapena mapaipi okhala ndi kusinthasintha kosinthasintha.
- Oyenera kumadzimadzi owononga kwambiri akagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mzere woyenera (monga EPDM, PTFE).
5. Mtengo
5.1 Chitsulo Choponya:
Chifukwa cha kupanga kwake kosavuta komanso kutsika mtengo kwa zinthu, nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika mtengo. Ndi yoyenera kumapulojekiti omwe ali ndi bajeti yochepa komanso zofunikira zochepa. Ngakhale chitsulo chotayidwa ndi chotsika mtengo, kuphulika kwake kumabweretsa kusinthidwa pafupipafupi komanso kuchuluka kwa zinyalala.
5.2 Chitsulo cha Ductile:
Chifukwa cha njira yopangira ma alloying komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba. Kwa mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kulimba ndi mphamvu, mtengo wapamwamba ndi wovomerezeka. Chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala chogwirizana ndi chilengedwe chifukwa cha kubwezeredwanso kwambiri (> 95%).
6. Miyezo ndi Mafotokozedwe
- Ma valve onse awiri amatsatira miyezo monga API 609, AWWA C504, kapena ISO 5752, koma ma valve ductile iron nthawi zambiri amakwaniritsa zofunikira zamakampani kuti athe kupanikizika komanso kulimba.
- Ma valve achitsulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kutsata miyezo yolimba yamakampani.
7. Kuwonongeka ndi Kusamalira
- Zida zonsezi zimatha kuwonongeka m'malo ovuta, koma mphamvu yapamwamba ya chitsulo cha ductile imapangitsa kuti izichita bwino zikaphatikizidwa ndi zokutira zoteteza monga epoxy kapena nickel zokutira.
- Ma valve otayira achitsulo angafunike kukonzedwa pafupipafupi m'malo owononga kapena opsinjika kwambiri.
8. Gome lachidule
| Mbali | Ikani Iron Butterfly Valve | Vavu ya Gulugufe wa Iron |
| Zakuthupi | Gray cast iron, brittle | Nodular iron, ductile |
| Kulimba kwamakokedwe | 20,000–40,000 psi | 60,000–120,000 psi |
| Ductility | Zochepa, zowonongeka | Wapamwamba, wosinthika |
| Pressure Rating | Pansi (150–200 psi) | Pamwamba (300 psi kapena kuposa) |
| Kukaniza kwa Impact | Osauka | Zabwino kwambiri |
| Mapulogalamu | HVAC, madzi, machitidwe osafunikira | Mafuta / gasi, mankhwala, chitetezo moto |
| Mtengo | Pansi | Zapamwamba |
| Kukaniza kwa Corrosion | Wapakati (wokhala ndi zokutira) | Zochepa (zabwino ndi zokutira) |
9. Kodi Mungasankhe Bwanji?
- Sankhani valavu yagulugufe yachitsulo ngati:
- Mufunika njira yotsika mtengo pazovuta zotsika, zosafunikira kwambiri monga madzi kapena HVAC.
- Dongosololi limagwira ntchito pamalo okhazikika opanda kupsinjika kapena kugwedezeka pang'ono.
- Sankhani valavu ya butterfly yachitsulo ngati:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito kumaphatikizapo kuthamanga kwambiri, katundu wosunthika, kapena madzi owononga.
- Kukhalitsa, kukana kukhudzidwa, ndi kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali ndizofunikira kwambiri.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito kumafuna machitidwe a mafakitale kapena ovuta monga chitetezo chamoto kapena kukonza mankhwala.
10. Malingaliro a ZFA VALVE
Monga wopanga yemwe ali ndi zaka zambiri zamavavu agulugufe, ZFA Valve imalimbikitsa chitsulo cha ductile. Sikuti zimangochita bwino, koma ma valve a butterfly a ductile iron amasonyezanso kukhazikika kwapadera ndi kusinthika muzochitika zovuta ndi kusintha kwa ntchito, kuchepetsa kuchepetsa nthawi yokonza ndi kukonzanso ndalama, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotsika mtengo kwa nthawi yaitali. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kufunikira kwa chitsulo chotuwira, mavavu agulugufe achitsulo akuchotsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Kuchokera kuzinthu zopangira, kusowa kukukulirakulira.