Kugawa ndi kuyika kwa ma valve owunikira
Chidule cha valavu yoyezera
Ma valve oyezera ndi chipangizo chofunikira kwambiri chowongolera madzi, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapulojekiti osamalira madzi, mankhwala a petrochemical, kuteteza chilengedwe ndi zina. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuletsa kubwerera kwa media ndikuwonetsetsa kuti media ikuyenda mbali imodzi mu dongosolo la mapaipi. Kugawa ndi kuyika kwa ma valve oyezera kumakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito awo ndi moyo wawo. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma valve oyezera ndi zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pa malangizo awo oyika mwatsatanetsatane.
Mitundu yayikulu ya ma valve oyesera
Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito, ma valve owunikira amagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:
1. Valavu yowunikira mbale ziwiri
2. Valavu yoyezera kukweza
3. Valavu yoyezera mpira
4. Valavu yoyezera kusambira
Mtundu wa valavu yowunikira yoyika
1. Kukhazikitsa kopingasa: amatanthauza njira yokhazikitsira valavu yoyezera pa payipi yopingasa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapayipi opanda mphamvu zambiri, ndipo m'mimba mwake mwa valavu ndi yayikulu kuposa m'mimba mwake mwa payipi.
2. Kukhazikitsa koyima: amatanthauza njira yokhazikitsira valavu yoyezera pa payipi yoyima, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'machitidwe a mapaipi opanikizika kwambiri, ndipo m'mimba mwake mwa valavu yotchingira ndi yaying'ono kuposa m'mimba mwake mwa payipi.
1. Valavu yowunikira ma disc awiri
Valavu yowunikira ma disc awiri: nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma disc awiri ozungulira omwe amazungulira tsinde molunjika pakati pa kayendedwe ka madzi. Ma valve owunikira ma disc awiri ndi ma valve ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi kutalika kochepa. Amayikidwa pakati pa ma flange awiri. Nthawi zambiri amakhala omangika kapena opindika. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi okhala ndi mainchesi a ≤1200mm.
Kuyika kwa valavu yowunikira ma disc awiri
Ma valve oyezera ma disc awiri amatha kuyikidwa mopingasa kapena moyimirira mu payipi. Kuyika mopingasa kungapangitse kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa valavu yoyezera kukhudzidwa ndi mphamvu yokoka, kupangitsa kuti liwiro lake lotsegulira likhale lokhazikika komanso kuchepetsa bwino kutaya kwa kuthamanga kwa payipi. Kuyika moyimirira kungapangitse valavu yokhudzidwa ndi mphamvu yokoka ikatsekedwa, kupangitsa kuti chisindikizo chake chikhale cholimba. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyika moyimirira kungalepheretse diski ya valavu yoyezera kugwedezeka mofulumira panthawi ya kusintha kwa madzi mwachangu, kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kwa diski ndi mpando wa valavu, ndikuwonjezera moyo wa valavu.
2. Valavu yoyezera kusambira
Ma valve oyesera swingKhalani ndi diski ya valavu. Pamene sing'anga ikuyenda patsogolo, diski ya valavu imatsegulidwa; pamene sing'anga ikuyenda mobwerera m'mbuyo, diski ya valavu imabwezeretsedwanso pampando wa valavu kuti isabwerere m'mbuyo. Mtundu uwu wa valavu nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi akuluakulu chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kosavuta komanso kukana kwake kochepa.
Malangizo oyika Swing check valve
Ma valve oyesera ozungulira amatha kuyikidwa mopingasa kapena moyimirira, koma nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuyikidwa m'mapaipi opingasa. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti, kutengera momwe zinthu zilili, valve yoyesera yozungulira imatha kuyikidwanso mopingasa, bola ngati ngodya yoyikira siidutsa madigiri 45 ndipo malo oyikira ndi oyenera, sizingakhudze ntchito yotsegulira ndi kutseka ya valavu.
3. Valavu yoyezera kukweza mopingasa
Chimbale cha valavu cha valavu yoyezera kukweza yopingasa chimakwera mmwamba ndi pansi motsatira njanji yotsogolera m'thupi la valavu. Pamene chimbalecho chikuyenda patsogolo, chimbale cha valavu chimakwezedwa; pamene chimbalecho chikuyenda mobwerera m'mbuyo, chimbale cha valavu chimabwerera ku mpando wa valavu kuti chisabwerere m'mbuyo.
Kuyika kwa valavu yoyezera yopingasa
Valavu yoyezera kukweza yopingasa iyenera kuyikidwa pa payipi yopingasa. Chifukwa ikayikidwa moyimirira, pakati pake pa valavu pamakhala poyimirira, magwiridwe ake apakati ndi mpando wa valavu amachepa chifukwa cha kulemera kwake, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito otsekera pakati pa valavu.
4. Valavu yoyezera kukweza yoyimirira
Kwa ofukulama valve oyezera kukweza, kayendetsedwe ka pakati pa valavu kakugwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka payipi. Ndipo pakati pa pakati pa valavu pamagwirizana ndi pakati pa njira yoyendera madzi.
Kuyika kwa valavu yoyezera yoyimilira yoyimilira
Ma valve owunikira oyima ayenera kuyikidwa moyima m'mapaipi komwe sing'anga imapita mmwamba, chifukwa mphamvu yokoka imathandiza kuti diski ya valavu izitseke mwachangu pamene madzi asiya kutuluka.
5. Valavu yoyezera mpira
Valavu yowunikira mpira imagwiritsa ntchito mpira womwe umayenda mmwamba ndi pansi m'thupi la valavu. Pamene sing'anga ikuyenda patsogolo, mpirawo umakankhidwira kutali ndi mpando wa valavu, njira imatseguka, ndipo sing'anga imadutsa; pamene sing'anga ikuyenda mobwerera m'mbuyo, mpirawo umabwerera ku mpando wa valavu kuti usabwerere m'mbuyo.
Kuyika kwa valavu yowunikira mpira
Ma valve oyezera mpira amatha kuyikidwa pa mapaipi opingasa, koma ndi oyenera kwambiri kuyikidwa moyimirira, makamaka pamene sing'anga ikuyenda mmwamba. Kulemera kopanda mphamvu kwa mpira kumathandiza kutseka valavu pamene madzi asiya kutuluka.
Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kuyika kwa valavu yoyang'anira
Mukayika valavu yoyang'anira molunjika, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino:
1. Njira yoyendera
Poika moyimirira, njira yoyendera ya sing'anga ndi yofunika kwambiri. Pakukwera mmwamba, diski ya valavu imatha kutsegulidwa ndi kupanikizika kwa sing'anga, ndipo kutseka ndi mphamvu yokoka yomwe imathandiza diski ya valavu kubwerera pamalo ake, pomwe ikatsika pansi, njira zina zingafunike kuti valavuyo itseke bwino.
2. Mphamvu yokoka
Mphamvu yokoka imakhudza kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa valavu. Ma valavu omwe amadalira mphamvu yokoka kuti atseke, monga ma valavu oyezera ma double-plate ndi lift, amagwira ntchito bwino akamayenda molunjika mmwamba.
3. Makhalidwe a zofalitsa
Makhalidwe a cholumikizira, monga kukhuthala, kuchulukana, ndi kuchuluka kwa tinthu, zimakhudza momwe valavu imagwirira ntchito. Cholumikizira chopingasa kapena chokhala ndi tinthu chingafunike kapangidwe kamphamvu komanso kukonzedwa pafupipafupi kuti zitsimikizire kuti valavu ikugwira ntchito bwino.
4. Malo okhazikitsa
Malo oyikamo, kuphatikizapo kutentha, kuthamanga kwa mpweya, ndi kupezeka kwa zinthu zowononga, zidzakhudza magwiridwe antchito ndi moyo wa valavu. Kusankha zipangizo ndi mapangidwe oyenera malo enaake kungapangitse kuti valavuyo igwire ntchito nthawi yayitali.
Ubwino wa kukhazikitsa choyimirira ya valavu yoyezera
1. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokoka
Pankhani ya kuyenda kwa mpweya mmwamba, mphamvu yokoka imathandiza valavu kutseka, kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito otsekera, ndipo sikufuna thandizo lakunja.
2. Chepetsani kuvala
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokoka ya cholumikizira ndi mbale ya valavu kutseka valavu yowunikira kungachepetse kugwedezeka, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka, kukulitsa moyo wa valavu, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kukonza.
Zoyipa za kukhazikitsa koyimaya valavu yoyezera
1. Kukana kuyenda kwa madzi
Kukhazikitsa moyima kungawonjezere kukana kwa madzi kuyenda, makamaka ma valve oyezera kukweza magetsi oimirira, omwe amafunika kukana osati kulemera kwa mbale ya valve yokha, komanso kupanikizika komwe kumaperekedwa ndi kasupe pamwamba pa mbale ya valve. Izi zipangitsa kuti madzi asamayende bwino komanso kuti mphamvu zigwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri.
2. Chochitika cha nyundo yamadzi
Pamene sing'anga ikuyenda mmwamba, mphamvu ya valavu yoyezera ndi mphamvu yokoka ya sing'angayo zidzawonjezera kupanikizika mu payipi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyambitsa vuto la nyundo yamadzi.